I haven’t seen this posted yet here, but anybody self-hosting OwnCloud in a containerized environment may be exposing sensitive environment variables to the public internet. There may be other implications as well.
OwnCloud? More like PwnCloud
Nextcloud is the right answer
Any tips for speeding it up? Loading can be painfully slow at times. I was reading that it may be the database (I use MariaDB which in theory shouldn’t limit it with 32gb RAM and an R7 1700x).
Is MariaDB on spinning disk or ssd?
I initially set up Nextcloud with MariaDB on spinning disk but it was slow even completely empty. I moved that container to ssd & performance was a lot better. The web UI may still have some slow loading parts but I can’t say for sure since rarely use it. Caldav+carddav+Nextcloud client are how I usually interact with it.
NVME only. I suspect caching just isn’t enabled based on previous comment. If it’s not by default then I didn’t change it.
Implement redis. Like shown here: ( you can ignore most stuff there) https://github.com/nextcloud/all-in-one/blob/main/manual-install/latest.yml
What are you using for your reverse proxy? Make sure you have caching
I reverse proxy over tailscale to a VPS because I have double NAT… The connection to the VPS is direct with wireguard at least, no relay node. Adds ~30ms latency. But even when I connect direct locally it’s not substantially faster.
I’ll check my config.php for caching. I don’t recall adding anything for it so if it’s not on by default then that’s a likely reason. Thanks!
Yeah for my instance I remember I had to do a few performance optimizations. Also make sure you are up to date because nextcloud has gotten performance upgrades.
That’s way exposing your home services to the internet is a bad idea. Accessing it through a secure tunnel is the way to go.
Also, they already “fixed” the docker image with an update, something todo with phpinfo…
Nobody cares about your home services unless they can use them to send spam or mine bitcoin. Owncloud is a funny name because it seems to imply it’s for personal use: your own cloud. I didn’t know until I found myself in one, but apparently a lot of schools use Owncloud.
phpinfo is just a bad idea. It’s a built in facility that dumps everything without knowing whether it’s sensitive or not, right into the current page, making it trivial to add this vulnerability to your own application or library that an unsuspecting developer will include into their application. There’s not even a single security warning in the documentation. Here’s practically the same problem from 21 years ago: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2002-1725
Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I’ve seen in this thread:
Fewer Letters More Letters IP Internet Protocol NAT Network Address Translation VPN Virtual Private Network VPS Virtual Private Server (opposed to shared hosting) k8s Kubernetes container management package
5 acronyms in this thread; the most compressed thread commented on today has 11 acronyms.
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Remove this bot already
“Docker is safer” sure.
The only thing that makes this case worse in docker is that more info is in ENV variables. The vulnerability has nothing to do with containers though, and using ENV variables to provide sensitive data is in general a bad decision, since they can be leaked to any process with /proc access.
Unfortunately, ENV is still a common way which people use to pass data to applications inside containers, but it is not in any way a requirement imposed by the tech.
what are the other alternatives to ENV that are more preferred in terms of security?
A named volume for the config directory for one.
That’s just as insecure lol, env vars are far better
In general, a mounted file would be better, because it is easier to restrict access to filesystem objects both via permissions and namespacing. Also it is more future proof, as the actual ideal solution is to use secret managers like Vault (which are overkill for many hobbyist), which can render secrets to files (or to ENV, but same security issue applies here).
It’s probably best to look at what the devops industry is embracing, environment variables are as secure as any of the alternatives but poor implementations will always introduce attack vectors. Secret management stores require you to authenticate, which requires you to store the credential for it somewhere - no matter what there’s no way to secure an insecure implementation of secrets access
They are not as secure, because there are less controls for ENV variables. Anybody in the same PID namespaces can cat /proc/PID/environ and read them. For files (say, config file) you can use mount namespaces and the regular file permissions to restrict access.
Of course you can mess up a secret implementation, but a chmod’d 600 file from another user requires some sort of arbitrary read vulnerability or privilege escalation (assuming another application on the same host is compromised, for example). If you get low-privileged access to the host, chances are you can dump the ENV for all processes.
Security-wise, ENV variables are worse compared to just a mounted config file, for example.
I’m using Kubernetes and many of the apps that I use require environment variables to pass secrets. Another option is the pod definition, which is viewable by anybody with read privileges to K8s. Secrets are great to secure it on the K8s side, but the application either needs to read the secret from a file or you build your own helm chart with a shell front end to create app config files on the fly. I’m sure there are other options, but there’s no “one size fits all” type solution.
The real issue here is that the app is happy to expose it’s environment variables with no consideration given to the fact that it may contain data that can be misused by bad actors. It’s security 101 to not expose any more than the user needs to see which is why stack dumps are disabled on production implementations.
The problem is in fact in the applications. If these support loading secrets from a file, then the problem does not exist. Even with the weak secrets implementation in kubernetes, it is still far better than ENV variables.
The disappointing thing is that in many “selfhost” apps, often the credentials to specify are either db credentials or some sort of initial password, which could totally be read from file or be generated randomly at first run.
I agree that the issue is information disclosure, but the problem is that ENV variables are stored in memory, are accessible to many other processes on the same system, etc. They are just not a good way to store sensitive information.
No, but it only happens because this tech exists in the first place and things got way more cumbersome and way overcomplicated than they should be.
Absolutely not. Many applications used ENV variables for sensitive stuff even before. Let’s remember that the vulnerability here is being able to execute phpinfo remotely.
Containerization can do good for security, in general.
This is just a bad practice that was popularized by CI/CD solutions and later on by containers. I’m not saying containers aren’t good for security, what I’m saying is that they’re misused and abused and that images shouldn’t even be a thing. Isolation is great, blindingly trusting images made by someone and/or having people that don’t have any basic knowledge of security nor infrastructure suddenly being able to deploy complex solutions with a click ends up in situations like this.
If you do it right, possibly.
